Medical tourism is becoming extremely popular, even in developed countries like the United States, where there appears to be no shortage of medical treatment and care. Health tourism, or hospital tourism, involves traveling to another country to obtain medical, dental, or cosmetic treatment.
What Drives Medical Tourism?
The motivations behind these types of trips are numerous, with the most common being:
- High local healthcare costs
- Inadequate medical insurance
- Lack of locally available specialist procedures
- Limited access to the latest technologies
- Seeking alternative treatments not available or approved locally
Popular Medical Tourism Specialties
Patients commonly seek international treatment in these specialized areas:
- Cosmetic surgery
- Dental treatments
- Cardiovascular diseases
- Orthopedic procedures
- Cancer treatments
- Reproductive and gynecological issues
- Health examinations and advanced testing
How to Choose the Best Medical Tourism Destination
Deciding on the best country to visit for health tourism depends on your condition and the treatment you’re seeking. The Medical Tourism Index (MTI) offers comprehensive guidance for patients interested in learning more about the medical travel industry.
The latest study provides detailed information about the main medical tourism destinations worldwide. The 2020-2021 edition examined three key factors driving medical tourism, with special focus on COVID-19 and its impact on the sector. These factors are: the destination environment, the hospital tourism industry and safety, and the quality of facilities and services.
While the study covers countries from all continents, this article focuses on the seven leading health tourism destinations in the Americas, including North America, Central America, South America, and the Caribbean.
Based on this analysis, here are the 7 best medical tourism destinations in the Americas:
1. Canada
Language: English and French
Capital: Ottawa
Time Zone: GMT-4
Currency: Canadian Dollar
Population: 37,517,620
MTI Score: 76.4
With the highest score in the region, Canada is recognized for its spectacular natural beauty and high standard of living, making it an emerging destination for health tourism. With a first-class healthcare system and strict regulations, this country offers innovative and high-quality medical treatments, often at considerably lower costs than other developed nations. While known for its universal healthcare for residents, Canada is increasingly attracting medical tourists seeking world-class care.
History and Medical Contributions
Canada has made significant contributions to the medical field, from the discovery of insulin to advanced techniques in cardiac surgery. Its cultural focus on holistic wellness and preventive medicine creates a favorable environment for medical tourism.
Why Choose Canada?
With strict health regulations, state-of-the-art medical facilities, and highly qualified professionals, Canada offers patient-centered and culturally sensitive care, ideal for medical tourists from diverse backgrounds.
Popular Medical Procedures
Canada leads in orthopedic surgery, cardiac care, cosmetic surgery, and cancer treatments, offering a wide range of options for medical tourists.
Specialized Treatments
Research and development in stem cell therapies, personalized medicine, and minimally invasive surgical techniques are highlights in Canada, which also offers alternative therapies such as acupuncture and chiropractic care.
Top Hospitals and Clinics
Toronto General Hospital, Vancouver General Hospital, and the Canadian Mayo Clinic are among the leading internationally recognized medical facilities.
Cost Comparison
Medical procedures in Canada can cost between 30-60% less than in the United States, though they may be more expensive than in some Asian countries.
Quality and Safety
Canada meets some of the highest medical standards in the world, with strict regulations, state-of-the-art facilities, and a focus on research.
Visa Information
Canada offers several visa options for medical tourists, with clear processes and required documentation including proof of medical appointment and financial solvency. It’s advisable to have basic vaccines for hepatitis A and B, rabies, and influenza, especially if traveling during winter months, to protect against seasonal outbreaks.
Cultural Considerations
Punctuality and courtesy are valued in Canada, with English and French as predominant languages in medical institutions. Various dietary options are offered to cater to a diverse population.
2. Costa Rica
Language: Spanish
Capital: San José
Time Zone: GMT-6
Currency: Colón (CRC)
Population: 5,062,797
MTI Score: 71.7
This Central American country, famous for its tropical forests, beaches, and biodiversity, has emerged as a prominent destination for medical tourism. With significant investment in healthcare infrastructure and education, the country offers high-quality medical services at considerably lower prices than in the United States, Canada, and some European countries. With highly trained professionals, advanced medical technology, and its natural beauty, Costa Rica has become a sought-after destination for those seeking quality healthcare in an attractive setting.
History and Healthcare Priority
Over the years, Costa Rica has made healthcare a national priority, often ranking higher than many of its neighboring countries in healthcare metrics. This commitment to quality healthcare makes it a reliable option for medical tourists seeking various treatments.
Quality and Accessibility
Costa Rica stands out in the field of healthcare both regionally and globally, being recognized for its high-quality and affordable health system. Many medical professionals have international certification. Additionally, Costa Rica distinguishes itself through its holistic approach to healthcare, attracting international patients who seek to take advantage of wellness services such as spa treatments, yoga retreats, and nature excursions during their medical stay.
Popular Medical Procedures
Costa Rica is most popular for cosmetic surgery, dental procedures, orthopedic treatments, and bariatric surgeries. Additionally, the country has been advancing in specialized fields such as cardiology and oncology. Costa Rica is known for its expertise in dental implants and cosmetic dentistry, with cutting-edge facilities that rival those in more developed countries. Some clinics even offer pioneering treatments in stem cell therapy, though these are often subject to ongoing research and regulatory approvals.
Top Hospitals and Clinics
Costa Rica has outstanding hospitals and clinics recognized for their medical excellence. Among them are Clínica Bíblica in San José, CIMA Hospital in Escazú, and Hospital La Católica. Some of these institutions have received awards for their patient care and innovative medical practices.
Cost Comparison
Medical procedures in Costa Rica can cost 40-70% less than in the United States. For example, a dental implant that might cost over $3,000 in the United States could be available for around $900 in Costa Rica.
Quality and Safety
Costa Rica has a rigorous accreditation process for its medical institutions, supervised by regulatory bodies that ensure compliance with quality and safety standards. Patient safety is emphasized through strict protocols, and patient rights are protected by law to ensure a respectful and dignified treatment experience.
Typical Health Concerns
Although the country generally enjoys good health conditions, small outbreaks of diseases such as dengue, chikungunya, and Zika have been detected.
Visa Information
For stays up to 90 days, citizens of the United States, Canada, and the European Union generally do not need a visa. For prolonged medical treatments, it is recommended to review current visa regulations.
Vaccinations
It is advisable to have basic vaccines for hepatitis A and B, rabies, and tetanus before making your trip. The Costa Rican government requires the yellow fever vaccine if you are traveling from countries in Africa, Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, and Brazil. The vaccine must be administered at least 10 days before your travel date.
3. Dominican Republic
Language: Spanish
Capital: Santo Domingo
Time Zone: GMT-4
Currency: Peso (DOP)
Population: 10,774,598
MTI Score: 66.3
Located in the Caribbean, this tropical paradise has attracted international tourists for years. Today, its affordable and high-quality healthcare is capturing global attention. Offering a wide range of medical procedures, from cosmetic surgery to complex cardiovascular treatments, the Dominican Republic combines first-class healthcare with the charm of an exotic getaway.
Quality and Accessibility
The country offers high-quality healthcare with increasing accessibility, supported by government investments in infrastructure and international collaborations, making it an emerging destination for medical tourism.
Popular Medical Procedures
Among the most popular procedures are plastic, dental, cardiovascular, and orthopedic surgery, with particular emphasis on cosmetic surgery, which offers more affordable prices than in other countries.
Top Hospitals and Clinics
Institutions such as Hospital General Plaza de la Salud in Santo Domingo and Centro Médico Cedimat are recognized for their quality and advanced technology, often affiliated with major medical schools and internationally accredited.
Cost Comparison
Medical procedures in the Dominican Republic can be up to 50-70% more economical than in Western countries, such as the United States or Europe, with prices varying according to the type of procedure. A rhinoplasty might cost between $3,000 and $4,000 in the Dominican Republic, compared to more than $8,000 in the United States.
Quality and Safety
The country has improved its standards of medical care and patient safety, adopting modern technologies and establishing government regulations to ensure ethical and safe medical practices.
Post-Procedure Care
Most hospitals offer comprehensive post-procedure care, including follow-up consultations and rehabilitation services to ensure successful recovery.
4. Argentina
Language: Spanish
Capital: Buenos Aires
Time Zone: GMT-3
Currency: Argentine Peso (ARS)
Population: 44,915,388
MTI Score: 66.2
Argentina, known for its rich culture, beautiful landscapes, and excellent gastronomy, is standing out as an emerging destination in medical tourism. With advanced medical facilities, highly trained professionals, and affordable treatments, the country attracts medical tourists from around the world.
History and Culture
A pioneer in coronary bypass surgery, Argentina has a long tradition in medical advances and healthcare. Cultural influence in medicine has contributed to the development of a solid health infrastructure and the training of highly qualified medical professionals.
Quality and Accessibility
The Argentine health system offers easy access to high-quality care, supported by a favorable doctor-patient ratio and significant investment in health infrastructure. The country’s doctors and surgeons are well-trained, many with international experience.
Recognition and Future Prospects
The Argentine government recognizes the potential of medical tourism and is implementing measures to promote it. Regulations are being simplified and partnerships with international health organizations are being established to further enhance the healthcare offering.
Popular Medical Procedures
Argentina is sought after for a variety of treatments, from cosmetic and dental surgeries to cardiac surgeries and fertility treatments. The country is also known for its pioneering procedures in regenerative medicine.
Top Hospitals and Clinics
Buenos Aires, Córdoba, and Mendoza are home to some of the country’s most recognized medical institutions, equipped with cutting-edge technology and competent medical staff.
Cost Comparison
Medical treatments in Argentina are considerably more economical than in Western countries, without compromising quality. For example, coronary artery bypass surgery could cost up to 80% less in Argentina.
Price Ranges
Prices can vary significantly depending on the hospital and specific treatment, but here is an approximate guide:
- Cosmetic surgery: $2,000 – $10,000
- Dental implants: $500 – $1,000 per tooth
- Fertility treatments: $4,000 – $7,000
5. Brazil
Language: Portuguese
Capital: Brasilia
Time Zone: GMT-3
Currency: Brazilian Real (BRL)
Population: 211,540,045
MTI Score: 64.3
The South American giant stands out not only for its rich culture and beautiful landscapes but also for its growing reputation in medical tourism. With a combination of advanced medical facilities, highly qualified professionals, and a wide range of treatments at lower prices than many other countries, Brazil has become a leading destination in this field.
History and Culture
Brazil has been a pioneer in numerous medical advances, from plastic surgeries to specialized treatments in orthopedics and cardiology. The cultural openness toward aesthetic improvements has consolidated its position in this field.
Medical Tourism Ecosystem
Brazil offers a holistic experience backed by its excellent hotel industry. Medical tourists can enjoy first-class care along with a wide variety of accommodation options and tourist attractions.
Popular Medical Procedures
Brazil is recognized for plastic and cosmetic surgery, as well as orthopedic, cardiovascular, and fertility treatments. It also stands out in quality dental services.
Top Hospitals and Clinics
Institutions such as Hospital Albert Einstein and Hospital Sírio-Libanês in São Paulo are internationally recognized for their excellence in healthcare.
Cost Comparison
Medical procedures in Brazil are considerably more economical than in the United States or Western Europe, making it an attractive option for those with a limited budget. For example, a facelift that might cost $12,000 in the United States can be performed in Brazil for between $6,000 and $8,000.
Price Range
Prices can vary depending on the medical center and the specific procedure. However, it is not uncommon to find treatments that cost between 30% and 50% less than in other countries, making Brazil an attractive option for medical tourists on a limited budget.
6. Colombia
Language: Spanish
Capital: Bogotá
Time Zone: GMT-5
Currency: Colombian Peso
Population: 50,514,194
MTI Score: 64.9
This vibrant country, known for its rich culture and diverse landscapes, has emerged as an important destination in hospital tourism. In the last decade, it has gained recognition as a center for quality healthcare, attracting patients from around the world. With high-quality services, advanced technology, and well-trained medical professionals, Colombia stands out in various medical specialties, offering everything from cosmetic surgery to advanced cardiac procedures, all at very competitive prices.
History and Culture
Despite not having historically been a leader in global medicine, the country has rapidly advanced thanks to its investment in education, infrastructure, and technology. This progress has led Colombia to occupy a prominent position in the international medical community.
Quality and Accessibility
Colombia has excellent connectivity through direct flights from various parts of the world, making it a convenient option for tourists seeking medical services. Several urban centers such as Bogotá, Medellín, and Cali have stood out as important healthcare centers, each offering distinctive specialties and benefits for patients.
Vaccinations
Currently, there are no vaccines required to enter the country. However, Colombian authorities will require the yellow fever vaccine if you are going to visit tourist sites such as Amazon reserves.
Medical Tourism Ecosystem
One of the main drivers of the growth of the health tourism industry in Colombia is the remarkable cost-effectiveness of treatments. Patients can save up to 60% on certain procedures compared to prices in countries like the United States or the United Kingdom. The focus on high-quality care, personalized treatment plans, and solid post-operative support further strengthens Colombia’s appeal as a destination for medical tourism.
Popular Medical Procedures
Colombia is particularly known for the following medical procedures:
- Cosmetic Surgery: Includes breast augmentation, liposuction, and facelift.
- Dental Procedures: Ranges from simple cleanings to complex oral surgeries.
- Cardiac Care: Specializes in cardiac surgeries and angioplasties.
- Orthopedic Procedures: Includes joint replacements and spine surgeries.
7. Jamaica
Language: English
Capital: Kingston
Time Zone: GMT-5
Currency: Jamaican Dollar
Population: 2,890,000
MTI Score: 60.7
With its stunning beaches, vibrant culture, and rich history, Jamaica is emerging as a renowned medical tourism destination. Located in the Caribbean Sea, this island nation offers a unique combination of quality medical services and vacation experiences. With a growing number of accredited medical centers and a wide range of specialties, Jamaica is positioning itself as a prominent destination for those seeking high-quality healthcare at affordable prices.
History and Culture
Traditional and alternative medicine practices are intertwined with African, indigenous, and European influences, forming a holistic approach to healthcare.
Quality and Accessibility
It offers high-quality medical services at affordable costs, backed by highly trained professionals and cutting-edge medical technology. Additionally, its location in the Caribbean facilitates access for international patients.
Popular Medical Procedures
Among the most sought-after procedures are dental, plastic, and orthopedic surgery, as well as ophthalmological treatments and advanced treatments in areas such as cardiac care and oncology.
Top Hospitals and Clinics
Jamaica is home to renowned healthcare facilities such as Kingston Public Hospital and the University Hospital of the West Indies, recognized for their cutting-edge technology and experienced staff.
Cost Comparison
Medical procedures in Jamaica are considerably more economical than in Western countries, with savings that can reach up to 80% compared to places like the United States and the United Kingdom. A dental implant may cost around $1,500 in Jamaica compared to $4,000 in the United States.
Quality and Safety
Jamaica complies with international standards regarding quality and safety in healthcare, with strict safety protocols and respect for patient rights.
Medical tourism offers a viable alternative for patients seeking quality healthcare at more affordable prices. The Americas region provides diverse options to meet various medical needs, from cosmetic enhancements to complex surgical procedures. Each destination offers unique advantages in terms of specialization, cost, and overall experience.
Before embarking on a medical tourism journey, it’s essential to:
- Research thoroughly about the destination and specific medical facilities
- Consult with healthcare professionals both at home and at your intended destination
- Understand the legal and ethical considerations
- Plan for adequate recovery time
- Consider cultural differences and language barriers
By taking these factors into account, you can maximize the benefits of medical tourism while minimizing potential risks, ensuring a successful treatment outcome and a positive overall experience.